FLORIDA CITRUS PRODUCTION RESEARCH ADVISORY COUNCIL
Administered by the Florida Department of
Agriculture and Consumer Services
Bob Crawford, Commissioner

SEVENTH ANNUAL REPORT
July 1998 - June 1999

Introduction | Chairman's Message | Scientific Coordinator's Message | Funding Overview | Research Reports | 1999/2000 FUNDED PROJECTS | FCPRAC Contents Page

Pleas Strickland
Council Secretary
Department of Agriculture
Room 420, Mayo Bldg
Tallahassee, FL 32399
(850) 488-5831
Dr. Larry Jackson
Scientific Coordinator
FCPRAC
3027 Lake Alfred, FL 33881
(863) 298-7713
Members
Jim Simpson, Jr.
445 Limit Avenue
Mount Dora, FL 32757
(352) 383-4667
Alternates
Charles A. Counter
Haines City CGA
P.O. Box 337
Haines City, FL 33845
(863) 422-4924
John W. Strang
Gapway Groves
P.O. Box 1364
Auburndale, FL 33823
(863) 956-3485
W. Greg Hartt
Consolidated Tomoka Land Company
P.O. Box 1005
Lake Placid, FL 33862
(863) 465-2511
J. Peter McClure
Evans Properties
10410 Bluefield Road
Okeechobee, FL 34972
(963) 763-4869

David Howard
Graves Brothers Co.
P.O. Box 277
Wabasso, FL 32970
(561) 589-4356

Jim Cloughley
Berry Groves, Inc.
P.O. Box 459
Labelle, FL 33975
(863) 675-9202

Gary Simmons
2179 SW Oakwater Place
Palm City, FL 34990
(561) 778-6783

George Walker
Citrus Consultant
16217 Bowline Street
Bokeelia, FL 33922
(863) 860-4625
Ed English
Pacific Tomato Growers
9500 County Road 858
Immokalee, FL 34142
(863) 657-3694
Wayne Jackson
Jackson Citrus, Inc.
P.O. Box 610
LaBelle, FL 33975
(863) 675-3119
Jerry Newlin
Orange Co.
12010 NE Highway 70
Arcadia, FL 33821
(863) 494-4939
Bill Barber
Lykes Brothers Citrus
7 Lykes Road
Lake Placid, FL 33852
(863) 465-4127
Andrew B. Pike
Southern/Sunray Farms
P. O. Box 985
Frostproof, FL 33852
(863) 465-4455

 


Table of Contents (for print copy) Page (s)

Introduction 4
Chairman's Message 5
Scientific Coordinator's Message 6
Florida Citrus Production Funding Overview 7
Research Reports 8 - 67
1999-00 Citrus Research Proposals Funded 68 - 71

(use the link to go the the html pages)

Management/Physiology

Continuing Projects
951-23 - Tree Pruning Studies to Improve the Production
and Harvesting of Florida Oranges - J.D. Whitney ...8
981-03 - Maximum Safe Uptake of Urea N into Citrus Leaves - J.P. Syvertsen... 9
981-10 - Phosphorus/Potassium Soil Test Calibration and
Effects on Fresh Citrus Fruit Quality - T.A. Obreza ...10
981-12 - Gibberellic Acid & Juice Quality of Processing Oranges:
Effects of Application Timing, Adjuvants and Tank Mixes - F.S. Davies ..11
981-16 - Management of Crop Load on Alternate and
Low Bearing Cultivars of Citrus - L.G. Albrigo ..12

Completed Projects
942-33 - Use of Host-Specific Pathogens as Bioherbicides to ..14
Manage Weeds in Florida citrus - R. Charudattan ..14
942-42 - Modification of Nitrogen Application to Citrus to
Prevent Pollution of Groundwater - H.K. Wutscher.. 15
961-31 - Effect of Adjuvants on Weed Control
Efficacy of Glyphosate - M. Singh ..17
961-33 - Effects of Foliar and Broadcast P and K on Size
and Quality of Grapefruit - B.J. Boman ..18
961-36 - Irrigation Best Management Practices for Florida
Citrus on Vulnerable Soils - L. Parsons ..19
961-37 - Enhance Activity of Preemergence Herbicides
With Adjuvants - M. Singh.. 20
971-03 - Evaluation of Wild Perennial Peanuts for
Use as Cover Crops in Citrus Groves - A.E. Kretschmer ..21
971-52 - Yield Reduction of Citrus From Overcrowding -
Economic Evaluation & Management Strategies - R.P. Muraro ..23
971-55 - Development of Decision Information Systems for Florida Citrus - J.D. Martsolf ...24
981-02 - Development of a Precision Agricultural System
to Manage Florida Citrus - J.D. Whitney ..25
981-07 - Effect of Spray Droplet Size on Durability of Pesticide Deposits - M. Salyani ..26
981-59 - Development & Maintenance of a Synopsis of Published Information on Key Emerging Florida Citrus
Production Challenges - H.W..Browning ..27

 

Pathology
Continuing Projects
928-74 - Development of Methods to Manage Citrus Tristeza Virus - W.O. Dawson ..29
961-17 - Studies to Determine the Cause and Develop Strategies
to Control Citrus Blight - K.S. Derrick ..30
961-28 - Development of a Rapid Method to Determine The Decline Inducing
Potential of Tristeza (CTV)and Other Virus-Like Problems - M. Bausher ..31
971-43- Development of Detection Methods for Citrus Psorosis Virus and Use of The
Virus as a Vector to Express Foreign Genes in Citrus - K.S. Derrick ..32
981-29 - Research in Support of Eradication and
Control of Asiatic Citrus Canker (ACC) - T.R. Gottwald ..33
Completed Projects
961-04 - Determination of Inoculum Levels and Environmental Factors to Predict
Severity and Improve Control of Fungal Diseases of Citrus Fruit And Foliage - L.W. Timmer ..35
961-18 - Studies on a Virus Isolated From Trees With Citrus Blight - R.H. Brlansky ..36
961-47 - Mild Strain Cross Protection to Protect Against
Citrus Tristeza Virus For Florida Citrus - R.F. Lee ..37
971-11 - Evaluation of Decline and Stunting Problems in
Citrus Trees on Swingle Rootstock - S. Garnsey ..38
981-18 - Attempt to Genetically Engineer Grapefruit for
Resistance to Citrus Canker Disease - D.W. Gabriel ..39
981-20 - Postinfectional Activity of Systemic Fungicides for
Control of Citrus Scab & Melanose - L.W. Timmer ..40
981-22 - Biological Diversity of Citrus Tristeza Virus - C. A. Powell ..40
981-25 - Development of a New Generation of Marketable Probes
for Detection of Specific Strains of CTV - C. L. Niblett ..41
981-28 - Control of Citrus Blight by Cross Protection With
Benign Strains of Xylella fastidiosa - D.L. Hopkins ..42
Entomology
Continuing Projects
942-18 - Biological and Chemical Controls for Diaprepes abbreviatus Larvae and Adults - C.W. McCoy ..44
971-12 - Suppression of Caribfly Egg-Laying - H.N. Nigg ..45
971-14 - Suppression of Egg-Laying of Diaprepes abbreviatus - H.N. Nigg.. 46
971-21 - Classical Biocontrol of Pink Mealybug and
Citrus Psylla - M.A. Hoy.. 48
971-27 - Optimal Timing and Placement of Entomophagous Nematodes
for Control of Diaprepes abbreviatus - P.A. Stansly ..49
971-45 - Diaprepes Damage and Interactions With Phytophthora - J.H. Graham ..50
981-42 - Classical Biological Control of Diaprepes abbreviatus - J. Peña ..51
981-50 - Classical Biological Control of Brown Citrus Aphid - M.A. Hoy ..52
Completed Projects
942-56 - Attractants and Oviposition Stimulants for Diaprepes
Field Evaluation of Traps - H.N. Nigg ..54
971-16 - Field Evaluation of Natural Enemies of
Brown Citrus Aphid, Toxoptera citricida in Florida citrus - J.P. Michaud ..54
971-51 - Assessment of the Potential Impact of Rust Mite Dispersal on Management
Programs & Field Validation of a Trap-Based Monitoring System - J.C. Berg . ..56
981-47 - Monitoring Procedures & Action Threshholds for Thrips Causing Ring Spot
Rind Blemish to Red Grapefruit in Florida - P.A. Stansly ..57
981-53 - A Diaprepes Population Estimations System for Citrus Growers - H.N. Nigg ..58
981-57 - Listening to the Larvae: Acoustic Detection of D. abbreviatus - R.Mankin ..59
981-58 - Biological Control by Egg Parasitoids of
Diaprepes abbreviatus in Citrus - D.G. Hall ..60
981-60 - Automated Ground Release Equipment for Dispersal
of Biological Control Agents - R.E. Burns ..61
Plant Improvement
Continuing Projects
928-27 - Development and Evaluation of Improved Citrus Rootstocks - J.W. Grosser ..62
942-27 - Utilization of Gene Mapping and Marker-Assisted
Selection for Citrus Variety Improvement - F.G. Gmitter, Jr... 63
981-30 - Field Evaluation of Promising USDA Rootstock Selections - K.D. Bowman.. 64
Completed Projects
981-36 - Identification & Performance Evaluation
of Advanced Scion Selections - F.G. Gmitter, Jr. ..66


INTRODUCTION

Presented in this Seventh Annual Annual Report is information about research conducted during Fiscal Year 1998-99 supported by the Florida Citrus Production Research Advisory Council operating under the Florida Citrus Production Research Funding Order. This research support program was established under the Florida Marketing Act which enables Florida citrus growers to tax themselves for the purpose of providing funding to support needed research. Growers approved this marketing order by referendum in 1991 and the Council began its work in 1992.


FINANCIAL SUMMARY for FISCAL YEAR 1998-99


Balance Forward 7-1-98.............................. $1,817,406.98

Collections 7-1-98 thru 6-30-99........................ 959,548.56

Refunds................................................... 1,056.88

Total Cash.......................................... $2,778,012.42

 

Disbursements

Research Projects................................... $1,432,878.00

Administrative Cost*.................................... 43,162.41

Total Disbursements................................. $1,476,040.41

Available for 1999-2000............................. $1,301,972.01

 

*Administrative costs include Scientific Coordinator salary, Project Peer Review Team expenses, travel, postage and supplies. (3% of funds expended).


CHAIRMAN'S MESSAGE
December 31, 1999



Dear Florida Citrus Grower:

As we move into a new millennium, we find the citrus industry and citrus research in a period of change. Along with change comes opportunities to move in new directions to maintain Florida's superior rating and thus compete in the present global market. If we hope to survive as agricultural producers, we must stay on the cutting edge of available technology.

The Florida Citrus Production Research Advisory Council (FCPRAC) has completed its seventh year under the grower-approved Florida Citrus Production Research Funding Order. The assessment to raise funds for citrus production research projects has been maintained at 4/10 cent per box for FY 1999/00. Administrative costs this year are at 3%, largely due to support of the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services. Further savings are provided by the University of Florida - IFAS and USDA - ARS because they have waived normal overhead costs on all our projects.

Collections for FY 1998-99 totalled $959,548.
Funding for research projects was $1,447,878
Funding was provided for 51 projects selected from 54 proposals.
This includes: 16 - entomology $355,208
14 - plant pathology $453,379
17 - management/physiology $462,291
4 - plant improvement/other $177,000

Thus far, FCPRAC has directed over $7,400,000 in funding for 256 new and continued Florida citrus production research projects. These monies have enhanced citrus research, much of which would have gone undone without this program.

Your Council members (listed on previous page) have an awesome responsibility but equally great privilege to direct the future of Florida citrus research. Committee members have diligently strived to maintain a high standard through many hours of donated time.

In the near future, we hope to take statewide audits of grower organizations on production priorities and work to coordinate those into short and long term research goals. This coordination becomes increasingly important as budgets are stretched. Please make your concerns and suggestions known to the Council, so we can continue to improve our procedures.

Andrew B. Pike
FCPRAC Chairman


A Message from the FCPRAC Scientific Coordinator
December 31, 1999


Florida citrus growers have now invested nearly $7.5 million over the seven year life of the Florida Citrus Production Research Marketing Order. While this seems like a lot of money, the amount collected pales when compared to the myriad other taxes collected from growers for other purposes. The amount collected each year and provided to researchers is but a fraction of the money required to run research programs. The balance is made up by the institutions receiving the grant since they are paying the investigators' salaries and providing the infrastructure for them to work in. Each dollar provided through this marketing order is leveraged substantially - often at a ratio as high as 10:1. This represents a good return on investment for the Florida citrus grower, or as I like to say - "more bang for your buck."

Because of the marketing order and the tax collected through it (currently set at 4/10 of a cent per box), research is now emerging more rapidly and scientists are working on problems of the highest priority for Florida's citrus growers. The 14-member Council assures that your tax dollars are spent wisely. As always, the Council and I welcome suggestions for improvement and ideas on how to make our efforts more productive.

This annual report lists last year's efforts for researchers funded with your box tax dollars through the end of June, 1999. We hope you will find time to study the report and find the information to be of value.


Larry K. Jackson
Scientific Coordinator



FLORIDA CITRUS PRODUCTION FUNDING OVERVIEW
The Council views the monies invested through this program to be contributed by growers to enhance the existing research effort. In order to assure growers that their tax monies are in fact enhancing programs, the Council monitors overall citrus production research expenditures in relation to our funding. This section provides a summary of information received from IFAS and USDA-ARS regarding their research expenditures. The Council has not verified this information, and because we have not established firm definitions of each aspect of the research, we may see some adjustments in the future. Most of this information has not been presented in this form before. The Council can only provide this information because of the candid disclosures of the research institutions. We appreciate their openness and cooperation.





FCPRAC Contents Page | 1999 Research Reports | 7th Annual Report